Seuzey, Church of St Marcellus
In 1922, the first plans for a new church were drawn up by the architect Léon Chesnay. Trenches dug by the Germans beneath the foundations of the old church prevented any rebuilding from taking place on the same site. Another space was chosen for the new church, which was built in 1932 along a north-south axis, after numerous discussions about its size, the choice of materials and the unplanned earthworks.
In 1933-1934, Duilio Donzelli designed the three altars made of stone from Brauvilliers (Meuse), the communion bench, the stoups, the baptismal fonts and two candelabrum base columns, all in a neo-Romanesque style. In 1935, the town council hired him to decorate the choir of the church with mural paintings. In accordance with the predetermined plan, he created a deesis scene beneath which is a procession of the apostles and three male saints (Pope Marcellus I, the patron saint of the site, the king of France, Louis IX, and Joseph) and three female saints (Joan of Arc, Catherine of Alexandria and Agnes) in the central part. In the apse, the main scene is positioned on a background that imitates a mosaic. The golden background is reminiscent of the mosaics of Ravenna, from which he also borrowed the structure of the scenes, especially in the depiction of the apostles, who are arranged on either side of palm trees and hold attributes that identify them, often the instrument of their martyrdom. The triumphal arch is decorated with a celestial hierarchy, with each of the nine figures representing a specific angelic creature whose name appears inside the halo.
In 2012-2013, a full restoration of this decoration made it legible and bright. The study carried out by the restorers provided a better understanding of how the artist worked. To create these shades of colour in the gilding, he used three tones of metallic paint which he placed by means of juxtaposition of strokes: the background is made up of coppery tones, while golden rays which are yellower than the background surround Christ, and other silvery rays emphasise the medallion of the chi-rho between alpha and omega.
Celestial hierarchy: classification of angelic creatures established in the 5th century. This hierarchy is traditionally made up of three levels of varying closeness to God: the Seraphim, the Cherubim and the Thrones come first, then the Dominions, the Virtues and the Powers, and finally the Principalities, the Archangels and the Angels.
Chi-Rho between Alpha and Omega: to symbolise the eternity of Christ, the first letters of his name (chi and rho) come between the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet.
Deesis: from the Greek meaning “prayer”, this is a Christian theme represented in art where the Virgin Mary and St John the Baptist are shown on either side of Christ and pray for the salvation of mankind.
Halo: circle or disc of light surrounding the head of holy figures, deified heroes, God or saints.