Haraumont, Church of St Fermin
Built at the end of the 18th century, as indicated by the date 1771 which appears at the top of the triumphal arch, the church of Haraumont, which was damaged during the Great War, needed to be restored in the mid-1930s. The parish priest, the Reverend Hussenet, called on Duilio Donzelli to execute the new decoration. The artist began by decorating the nave with a Way of the Cross before painting the triumphal arch and the choir.
The fourteen stations of the Way of the Cross are particularly well rendered and made a deep impression on contemporaries, as indicated by the parish newsletters from the year 1936, the year in which the work was executed. It is highly regarded for its special composition with close-ups and the extremely expressive faces. Of the Ways of the Cross painted by Donzelli (the others are in Haumont-lès-Lachaussée, Véry and Saint-Christophe-et-le-Laris in Drôme), this is the only one that is so focused on the figure of Christ and his suffering. It marks a development in religious art in which the suffering of soldiers who died in combat and their mothers is retranscribed on the faces of Christ and his mother. The instruments of the Passion are shown as in Véry and supplement the groups of three stations.
In the apse, the vault features twenty-four adoring angels, whose hands are joined or crossed over their chests: they are painted in shades of blue and only their golden haloes stand out. Above the pretty woodwork, the decoration on the walls of the choir bears a theme that was often illustrated by Donzelli, that of the twelve apostles (also visible in Seuzey, Esnes-en-Argonne and Belleville-sur-Meuse), which was inspired by the Byzantine mosaics of Ravenna. Each figure can be identified by his attribute (a knife for Bartholomew, keys for Peter or a saw for Simon, for example) and the name written inside the halo. The quotation of the verse “Go into all the world and preach the good news to all creation” (Mark 16:15) makes it clear that it is the sending forth of the apostles that is depicted.
A large proportion of the funding for this decoration was donated by parishioners, so it was executed in several stages: the nave was painted in 1936 as far as the triumphal arch, while the choir was decorated in 1937, as indicated by the dates that can be seen on the triumphal arch and in the choir. The groups of sculpted figures in the nave are also partly the work of Donzelli (restoration or complete sculpture?) who decorated the saints’ haloes with mosaics on the group featured in the Deposition from the Cross and on the one depicting St Thérèse of Lisieux.
Halo: circle or disc of light surrounding the head of holy figures, deified heroes, God or saints.
Instruments of the Passion: objects that caused suffering to Christ: column, crown of thorns, hammer, nails, pincers, lance, sponge, cross, etc.