Esnes-en-Argonne, Church of St Martin
At the end of the First World War, the village was nothing more than a heap of ruins and everything had to be rebuilt. The plans for the new church were drawn up by the architect of the commune, René Barba, and a new site was chosen with stones from the 17th-century castle being reused. The plan was approved in 1928 and the church was inaugurated in 1930. However, in 1934, seepage was found in the choir: the paintings had to be redone.
The task of adding new painted decoration was assigned to Duilio Donzelli, who set about decorating the choir of the church and the triumphal arch with mural paintings. Due to their poor condition, the paintings in the apse were covered in 2011 with a uniform coating which can still be seen. They depicted angels painted onto the vault over the choir, as in Haudiomont. The Tetramorph was depicted between the stained-glass windows.
The decoration that survives in the choir essentially consists of two paintings on the theme of the Lord’s Supper which are positioned on both sides, above the side doors. The one on the right bears witness to the still vivid memory of the fighting of 1914-1918: Canon Ardant, a military chaplain from Limoges who was on the front in Verdun, administers communion on the battlefield to a wounded soldier lying on a stretcher who is supported by one of his comrades-at-arms. The other panel shows Christ’s meal with the disciples at Emmaus: it is surprising to see a couple depicted in it rather than the two men featured in the Biblical texts.
The most striking feature of this decoration is the triumphal arch overlooked by the Mystic Lamb: the side parts are occupied by two large staircases which begin from two open doors, with the outline of a figure visible in the doorways. The disciples, six on each side, go down the steps, each holding an attribute of his martyrdom*. It appears that this scene does not relate to any particular Biblical text and is instead an adaptation of the theme of the twelve apostles, perhaps sent out to do their work, which is also developed in Seuzey and Haraumont, in the space available for it, creating this highly original decoration.
* except Peter with a key and St John who has not been martyred and holds a chalice from which a snake emerges, recalling the attempt to poison him.
Mystic Lamb: symbol of Christ that recalls Christ’s sacrifice and the words of John the Baptist: “Behold, the lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world” (John 1:29).
Tetramorph: a representation of the four evangelists in their allegorical form (man for Matthew, an eagle for John, a bull for Luke and a lion for Mark) which is inspired by Ezekiel’s vision (Ez 1:1-14) and the description of the four living beings of the Revelation